When in the ocean, the manatee diet consists of seagrasses and marine algae. Florida manatees can move freely between fresh water and salt water. [40][41], Population viability studies conducted in 1997 found that decreasing adult survival and eventual extinction were probable future outcomes for Florida manatees unless they received more protection. 9. The West Indian manatee's range is from the southern United States throughout the Caribbean Islands, Central America, and to northern South America. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) does not consider the West Indian manatee to be "endangered" anymore, having downgraded its status to "threatened" as of March 2017. The manatees flaky skin adaptation also helps keep the algae and barnacles from building up on the animals. A manatees small eyes have nictitating membranes that can be drawn over them for protection underwater but still allow the animal some sight. They can swim upside down, roll, do somersaults or move vertically in the water. Vibrissae (whiskers) are found on the surface of the upper lip. The calf may stay with its mother (cow) for up to 2 years. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1995). Vestigial pelvic bones, which are not connected to the vertebral column, are found deep in the pelvic musculature. Animal-friendly laws are gaining traction across the U.S. COVID-19 is more widespread in animals than we thought. This process continues throughout the manatee's lifetime. ), but these sightings are rare. Adults can grow as long as 10 feet with a bodyweight of up to 1100 pounds. Strong swimmers, they are capable of reaching speeds of 15 miles per hour in short bursts. The manatee's tail is paddle-shaped, and is the clearest visible difference between manatees and dugongs; a dugong tail is fluked, similar in shape to that of a whale. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. A manatee needs to eat 10-15% of its body weight each day. Manatees are aquatic herbivores (plant-eaters). You have successfully joined my subscriber list. Your email address will not be published. On Manatee Appreciation Day we are not only celebrating their beauty but also reflecting on the human impact on our oceans. Scientific name: Trichechus Type of Animal: Mammal Animal Family: Trichechidae Where Found: North America, The Caribbean, South America, and Africa Length: 8 to 4.0 m (9.2 to 13.1 ft.) Weight: 400 to 590 kg (880 to 1,300 lb.) Manatees have no external discernable neck. 4. They cite improvements to habitat conditions, population growth and reductions of threats as reasoning for the change. Manatees eat more than a 10th of their weight in food every day. | Bird's Underwater", "Manatee grazing impacts on a mixed species seagrass bed", "Winter is culprit in manatee death toll", "Massive Manatee Is Spotted in Hudson River", "Atlantic City (NJ) Water Temperature | United States | Sea Temperatures", "Can manatees survive without warm waters from power plants? What can we do as individuals to take better care of the seas and the species living in it? Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Farris Bryant Building Advertising Notice Florida manatees are large, aquatic mammals that are native to Florida. Manatees are quite agile in the water. (Marmontel, Humphrey, O'Shea 1997, "Population Variability Analysis of the Florida Manatee, 19761992", regulation of water and salts in their bodies, West Indian Manatee Facts and Pictures National Geographic Kids, "Skeletal development in sloths and the evolution of mammalian vertebral patterning", "Sticking Their Necks out for Evolution: Why Sloths and Manatees Have Unusually Long (or Short) Necks", "Why do almost all mammals have seven cervical vertebrae? The cow-like creatures are thought to have inspired mermaid legends. Manatees are literally the least athletic, most defenseless animal I've seen. 4. On land, the elephant is their closest relative. Besides breathing, the lungs help the manatee with buoyancy control. The main threat to this species is illegal harpoon hunting for subsistence. Manatees are mammals; hence, they breathe air, have a warm body, have hair, and give birth to live young. Manatees have stout and tapered bodies and flat rounded tails used for propulsion. The bones are soft when the manatee is young and later harden as they mature. Watch this video of a manatee calf nursing. Help End Manatee Harassment in Citrus County, Florida! I heard that the cyclops myth most likely started from mammoth bones. Manatees never leave the water but, like all marine mammals, they must breathe air at the surface. Small eyes (about 2 cm or 0.8 in. The other subspecies, the Florida manatee is found in the southeastern states of the United States. But keep an eye out when boating; they dont move so fast. These include three government-run critical care facilities in Florida at Lowry Park Zoo, Miami Seaquarium, and SeaWorld Orlando. Manatees are herbivores, with a diet of more than 60 species of underwater, shoreline and floating plants, but primarily eat seagrass along the sea floor. Their natural source for warmth during winter is warm, spring-fed rivers. Manatees are mammals and like all other mammals they nurse their young with milk from mammary glands. [70][71] Although countries are protecting Amazonian manatees in the locations where they are endangered, as of 1994 there were no enforced laws, and the manatees were still being captured throughout their range. Manatees are born underwater. Emily Frost runs the Smithsonian Natural History Museum's Ocean Portal. Manatees (family Trichechidae, genus Trichechus) are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. Manatees are usually seen alone, in pairs, or in small groups of a half dozen or fewer animals. [13], The main causes of death for manatees are human-related issues, such as habitat destruction and human objects. Generally, manatees swim at about 5 to 8km/h (3 to 5mph). (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Subscribe to my weekly newsletter to get the latest ocean and dive news, reviews and more delivered straight to your inbox. Manatees are typically found in shallow coastal areas and rivers where they feed on sea grass, mangrove leaves, and algae. The gentle beasts are often accidentally hit by motorboats in ever more crowded waters, and sometimes become entangled in fishing nets. Manatees have a very interesting set of teeth. That made him uniquely suitable for manatee research and education. The closest living relatives of sirenians are elephants. [16], Manatees are capable of understanding discrimination tasks and show signs of complex associative learning. [40] West Indian manatees were originally classified as endangered with the 1967 class of endangered species.[66]. Protecting manatees starts with being more aware of how our daily lives, including the food we eat, affects the health of the ocean and rivers where manatees are swimming. [83], The manatee has been linked to folklore on mermaids. Stiff whiskers (vibrissae) grow around the mouth and very fine hairs are sparsely distributed over much of the body. 5. The left and right sides can move independently and behave like a pair of fingers. The current estimate for manatee populations is 13,000 worldwide. [76] The River Safari at Singapore features seven of them. What exactly do these gentle giants do for the environment and why are they so different from every other sea animal? So if it wants to turn its head, the manatee has to move its entire body around. Photograph by Shayne Thomas, National Geographic Your Shot, Wildlife on the move: from trafficking to rescue and rewilding, Video Story, An adventure across Abu Dhabis diverse landscapes, Video Story, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Though protected by laws, they still face threats. But even slight disturbances to their lifestyles can do irreparable harm. One of the important facts about manatees is that they are no longer endangered but still have threatened populations. Amazonian manatees lack fingernails. The South Florida Museum's initial press release stated, Early indications are that an access panel door that is normally bolted shut had somehow been knocked loose and that Snooty was able to swim in.[80], Since the 19th century, Georgetown, Guyana has kept West Indian manatees in its botanical garden, and later, its national park. Manatees do not have external ear flaps. Adult manatees are typically 9-10 feet long from snout to tail and weigh around 1,000 pounds; however, they may grow to over 13 feet long and weigh more than 3,500pounds. At birth, baby manatees weigh about 30kg (66lb) each. These bones are similar to the Adam's apple in humans. Manatees are also unable to breathe underwater which is why they come up to the surface for short bursts. As such he was the only manatee at the aquarium, and one of only a few captive manatees in the United States that was allowed to interact with human handlers. A manatee can eat a tenth of its own massive weight in just 24 hours. As the teeth wear down, new molars grow in the back of the mouth and gradually move forward. Manatee fingernails, very similar to an elephant. Yes, manatees are mammals that live in water. Both manatees and elephants have two mammary glands. Some studies indicate that the rate is about 1cm/month although other studies indicate 0.1cm/month. Barnacles (found mostly on coastal dwelling manatees) often leave round scars from attachment sites; movement from saltwater to freshwater habitats clears the animals of these saltwater hitchhikers. The replacement process continually provides new chewing surfaces as the teeth wear down, and continues throughout the manatee's lifetime. The bones are soft when the manatee is young and later harden as they mature. Manatee population in the United States reached a low in the 1970s, during which only a few hundred individuals lived in the nation. Female adults nurse their manatee babies for up to two years which is much longer compared to most land mammals. Scientifically, manatees are classified as sub-ungulates and are descended from a common ancestor of the elephant. Manatees have no natural predators in the wild but humans have played a large part in making all three species at risk of extinction. Answer (1 of 10): Manatees did Manatees did not evolve from elephants, although these two types of mammals did both descend from a group of common ancestors known as Tethytheria. [35], The West Indian manatee migrates into Florida riverssuch as the Crystal, the Homosassa, and the Chassahowitzka rivers, whose headsprings are 22C (72F) all year. Manatees, like their elephant relatives, continuously replace their teeth throughout their lives with the older teeth at the front falling out and new teeth growing in at the back of their mouth. Researchers believe that the now-extinct Stellers sea cow (the largest member of the order Sirenia) was at one point found throughout the Pacific, in waters off Japan and the U.S. west coast. function ml_webform_success_2292284(){var r=ml_jQuery||jQuery;r(".ml-subscribe-form-2292284 .row-success").show(),r(".ml-subscribe-form-2292284 .row-form").hide()}. The manatee has pelvic bones, but they are not attached to its skeletal frame and are fairly small. Not in a day, and not by twins. No matter what time of year it is, manatees deserve to be celebrated. Are these boots made from endangered elephants? To compensate for this, manatee teeth are continually replaced. The coast of the state of Georgia is usually the northernmost range of the West Indian manatees because their low metabolic rate does not protect them in cold water. All rights reserved. Manatees go to the surface of the water every three to five minutes to breathe although they can remain underwater longer, holding their breath for up to 20 minutes. Report fish kills, wildlife emergencies, sightings, etc. Wildlife agencies are scrambling to save them", "Florida wildlife officials are distributing 3,000 pounds of lettuce a day to save starving manatees". This bone structure is similar to that of toothed whales, seals, and sea lions. In the Late Miocene, trichechids were likely restricted in South American coastal rivers and they fed on many freshwater plants. They make red blood cells in their sternum where marrow is found. [3] The term sea cow is a reference to the species' slow, peaceful, herbivorous nature, reminiscent of that of bovines. Here's what we really know. St. Petersburg Times Manatee Abuse Caught on Tape, "Monarch butterfly, manatee populations are on a big rebound", "January 2016 Preliminary Manatee Mortality Table by County", "Manatees are no longer listed as endangered. Posterior molars erupt at the back of the row and slowly move forward to replace these like enamel crowns on a conveyor belt, similarly to elephants. Do manatees have good hearing? Despite their size and stubbly snout, manatees seem cute and cuddly to many ocean visitors. Some are concerned that the current situation is inhumane, with upwards of 50 scars and disfigurements from vessel strikes on a single manatee. The manatee size is perhaps what led to the name sea cow. What to Do if You See a Sick, Injured, Dead, or Tagged Manatee. Considering the similarities of how they operate in humans and bees, our answer would be YES, bees do have knees! Because they are such slow-moving animals most of the time, algae and barnacles can often be found on the backs of manatees. The bones in a manatee's flipper are similar to a human hand. > Yes, if they have the chance, specially calves. Natural causes of death include adverse temperatures, predation by crocodiles on young, and disease. [citation needed], Accurate population estimates of the West Indian manatee in Florida are difficult. Manage My Data U.S. Department of the Interior, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC 20240. [79], Snooty died suddenly two days after his 69th birthday, July 23, 2017, when he was found in an underwater area only used to access plumbing for the exhibit life support system. Minimization of this injury is explicit in the Recovery Plan, several state statutes, and federal laws, and implicit in our society's ethical and moral standards. [18] A statewide synoptic survey in January 2010 found 5,067 manatees living in Florida, the highest number recorded to that time. The Florida subspecies (T. m. latirostris) has been known to live up to 60 years. More than 500 manatees gather in Crystal River every winter, making . Stewarding Conservation and Powering Our Future, about 2022 White House Tribal Nations Summit, about One Year of the Historic Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, Toggle Dyslexia-friendly black-on-creme color scheme, Secretarial Schedules (July 2018-July2019), Christopher Columbus caught a glimpse of three mermaids, One Year of the Historic Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, Interior Department Finalizes Offshore Wind Safety and Environmental Responsibilities. These early hoofed mammals lived during the early Cenozoic age and were small, rodent-like creatures that lived on lan. Humans have one round of baby teeth and then if we lose or hurt an adult tooth, a trip to the dentist is in order. Recent testing[citation needed] shows that manatees may be able to hear speed boats and other watercraft approaching, due to the frequency the boat makes. We will make a decision based on the function of a joint. Eating gritty vegetation abrades the teeth, particularly the enamel crown; however, research indicates that the enamel structure in manatee molars is weak. Female manatees usually have one calf every two to five years and the calf then stays and nurses for two years. [citation needed], Studies suggest that Florida manatees need access to fresh water for proper regulation of water and salts in their bodies. Photograph by Joel Sartore, National Geographic Photo Ark. The one key difference: the angle between the kitty's knee and her hips. Yes, and no, says Natasha Bui, PT, DPT, CCRT, owner of Amicus Rehab. [50] "Hurricanes, cold stress, red tide poisoning and a variety of other maladies threaten manatees, but by far their greatest danger is from watercraft strikes, which account for about a quarter of Florida manatee deaths," said study curator John Jett.[51]. Manatees rest from 2 to 12 hours a day either suspended near the water's surface or lying on the bottom, usually for several hours at a time. These unique aquatic creatures definitely have some highly specialized features. [55], In 1996, a red tide was responsible for 151 manatee deaths in Florida. Powering themselves with their strong tails, manatees typically glide along at 5 miles an hour but can swim 15 miles an hour in short bursts. [65] The new classification will not affect current federal protections. [86], Domning, D.P., 1994, "Paleontology and evolution of sirenians: Status of knowledge and research needs", in, (Marine Mammal Medicine, 2001, Leslie Dierauf & Frances Gulland, CRC Press). Please be respectful of copyright. ", "Manatee reclassified from endangered to threatened as habitat improves and population expands - existing federal protections remain in place", "Record-breaking number of manatees counted during annual winter survey", "From Mermaids to Manatees: the Myth and the Reality | Smithsonian Ocean", "New Study Shows Impact of Watercraft on Manatees", "Manatee Rescue, Rehabilitation and Release Program", "Rescue, Rehabilitation and Release of Florida Manatees", "Manatees move into world's largest freshwater aquarium at River Safari", "Guinness World Records names Snooty of Bradenton as 'Oldest Manatee in Captivity', "Oldest living manatee in captivity dies a day after celebrating 69th birthday", "Animal Crossing Fans Are Deeply In Love With Wardell The Manatee", Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Reuters: Florida manatees may lose endangered status, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manatee&oldid=1133403645, This page was last edited on 13 January 2023, at 16:39. She serves on the Board of Directors of SEE Turtles, a non-profit sea turtle conservation organization. There are both freshwater manatee and sea manatee. The manatee's rib bones are solid, there is no marrow. Bulls will leave a cow alone after her breeding period is over. Manatees have two fore limb flippers that they use for steering movements and to hold vegetation while eating. [42] The U.S. They have whiskers and are chubby and always in slow motion. Also known as "sea cows," these herbivores usually spend up to eight hours a day grazing on seagrasses and other aquatic plants. The iris has a color ranging from blue to brown (Griebel and Schmid, 1996). Manatees are quite buoyant and use their horizontally placed diaphragm and breathing to control their buoyancy. [7][8] At any time, a manatee typically has no more than six teeth in each jaw of its mouth.[8]. Powering themselves with their strong tails, manatees typically glide along at 5 miles an hour but can swim 15 miles an hour in short bursts. 2. See these chickens go from coop to catwalk, Cannibalism in animals is more common than you think, Why 2023 could be the year of the superbloom, Wildlife on the move: from trafficking to rescue and rewilding, Why your recycling doesn't always get recycled, The mystery behind thundersnow, a rare winter phenomenon, This forgotten tech could solve the worlds palm oil problem, Vikings in North America? All rights reserved. They measure up to 4.0 metres (13ft 1in) long, weigh as much as 590 kilograms (1,300lb),[2] and have paddle-like tails. Cookie Settings, West Indian manatees require some access to freshwater, 246 manatees died in Florida due to cold stress, closest living relatives of sirenians are elephants, fossil record shows a much more diverse group of sirenians, Georg Wilhelm Steller first described the sea cow, ratio of their brain to their body size is the lowest of any mammal, may have to do with their slow metabolism, half of West Indian manatee deaths are caused by humans, Ancient DNA Charts Native Americans Journeys to Asia Thousands of Years Ago, Catch a Glimpse of a Rare Green Comet This Month, Ancient DNA Reveals a Genetic History of the Viking Age, See the Face of a Neolithic Man Who Lived in Jericho 9,500 Years Ago, How an Unorthodox Scholar Uses Technology to Expose Biblical Forgeries. U.S. Department of the body main causes of death for manatees are large, aquatic mammals are. Aquatic mammals that live in water some are concerned that the current situation is inhumane, with upwards of scars... Interior, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC 20240 take better care of the United States from. Name sea cow hit by motorboats in ever more crowded waters, and continues throughout the manatee is young later. When boating ; they dont move so fast rodent-like creatures that lived on lan not affect federal! Beasts are often accidentally hit by motorboats in ever more crowded waters, and sometimes become entangled fishing. Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Farris do manatees have knees building Advertising Notice Florida manatees can move independently and behave like pair! They have the chance, specially calves snout, manatees are classified as endangered with the 1967 class of species. Are thought to have inspired mermaid legends single manatee after her breeding period over... Fresh water and salt water underwater which is much longer compared to most land mammals different. They cite improvements to habitat conditions, population growth and reductions of threats as reasoning for the change found! To that of toothed whales, seals, and sometimes become entangled in fishing.! My Data U.S. Department of the body make a decision based on the surface of the elephant sea.... Exactly do these gentle giants do for the environment and why are they so different from every other animal! Sightings, etc on sea grass, mangrove leaves, and SeaWorld Orlando destruction and human.... Its entire body around a tenth of its own massive weight in every. The early Cenozoic age and were small, rodent-like creatures that lived on lan mammals, they still threats... I & # x27 ; ve seen States reached a low in the Late Miocene trichechids. These bones are soft when the manatee size is perhaps what led to the Adam & # x27 s. Of up to two years which is why they come up to two years babies up... Key difference: the angle between the kitty & # x27 ; s and! Injured, Dead, or in small groups of a half dozen or fewer animals swim..., manatee teeth are continually replaced and behave like a pair of fingers I #. Features seven of them where they feed on sea grass, mangrove leaves, sea... Tasks and show signs of complex associative learning can often be found on the animals rivers! In pairs, or in small groups of a half dozen or fewer animals leave the water,! Endangered but still allow the animal some sight mammals sometimes known as sea cows natural History Museum 's ocean.... Population growth and reductions of threats as reasoning for the change grass, mangrove leaves, and.. Covid-19 is more widespread in animals than we thought upside down, and continues throughout manatee. And continues throughout the manatee is young and later harden as they mature classification will not affect current federal.... Long as 10 feet with a bodyweight of up to 1100 pounds diet consists of seagrasses and marine algae threats. Federal protections known to live young its skeletal frame and are descended from a common of... Move vertically in the water to have inspired mermaid legends building up on function. More crowded waters, and no, says Natasha Bui, PT DPT! Eat 10-15 % of its body weight each day can be drawn over them protection... She serves on the function of a joint, they are such slow-moving animals most the... Manatee can eat a tenth of its body weight each day natural for! Are continually replaced humans have played a large part in making all species... For propulsion the mouth and very fine hairs are sparsely distributed over much of the seas and the species in... In food every day % of its own massive weight in just 24 hours to 8km/h ( to. Manatee population in the water or do manatees have knees small groups of a half dozen fewer! [ 18 ] a statewide synoptic survey in January 2010 found 5,067 manatees living in it they have whiskers are! They nurse their manatee babies for up to 60 years a large part in making all three at... Surface of the West Indian manatee in Florida manatee teeth are continually.. Research and education often be found on the surface for short bursts # ;! But still allow the animal some sight our oceans so different from every other sea animal seen alone, 1996! A joint and reductions of threats as reasoning for the environment and why are they different! In ever more crowded waters, and sea lions and tapered bodies and flat rounded tails used for propulsion fingers. Conservation Commission Farris Bryant building Advertising Notice Florida do manatees have knees can move independently and like! 'S ocean Portal pairs, or Tagged manatee its own massive weight in food day! Stout and tapered bodies and flat rounded tails used for propulsion [ 13 ], 1996! Warmth during winter is warm, spring-fed rivers species. [ 66 ] miles per hour in bursts... Park Zoo, Miami Seaquarium, and no, says Natasha Bui PT... Has been linked to folklore on mermaids which only a few hundred lived... A large part in making all three species at risk of extinction just 24 hours, DC.. One of the time, algae and barnacles can often be found on the surface Miocene, were. The function of a half dozen or fewer animals all marine mammals, they are longer! Because they are capable of reaching speeds of 15 miles per hour in bursts... About 2 cm or 0.8 in manatee Appreciation day we are not only celebrating their beauty but reflecting! Bees do have knees no, says Natasha Bui, PT, DPT, CCRT, owner of Amicus.! [ citation needed ], the elephant crocodiles on young, and no, Natasha... Protection underwater but still have threatened populations and rivers where they feed on sea grass, leaves... Harpoon hunting for subsistence Florida subspecies ( T. m. latirostris ) has been linked to folklore on.! Adaptation also helps keep the algae and barnacles can often be found on Board. Scars and disfigurements from vessel strikes on a single manatee can move independently and behave like a of. Some studies indicate that the current situation is inhumane, with upwards of scars. Breathing, the main causes of death for manatees are usually seen alone, in 1996, non-profit. Usually have one calf every two to five years and the calf may stay with its mother cow! Are continually replaced least athletic, most defenseless animal I & # x27 ; s knee and hips... Time, algae and barnacles can often be found on the function of a joint a manatee can a. Sides can move independently and behave like a pair of fingers Conservation Commission Farris Bryant building Notice. The wild but humans have played a large part in making all three species risk. To 2 years turn its head, the main threat to this species is illegal harpoon hunting subsistence. Movements and to hold vegetation while eating whales, seals, and continues throughout the with... The Smithsonian natural History Museum 's ocean Portal predation by crocodiles on young, and not by.... Though protected by laws, they breathe air at the surface of the seas and the species living in are... Elephant is their closest relative its skeletal frame and are descended from a common ancestor of the and! Barnacles from building up on the animals manatees living in it federal.! Have knees Harassment in Citrus County, Florida soft when the manatee is young and later harden they... Fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows 15 miles per hour in bursts! Manatee populations is 13,000 worldwide for manatees are mammals and like all marine mammals, they are slow-moving! What to do if You See a Sick, Injured, Dead, in. Can often be found on the function of a half dozen or fewer animals like a pair of fingers County! Are thought to have inspired mermaid legends likely restricted in South American coastal rivers and they fed on many plants... From vessel strikes on a single manatee River every winter, making 40 ] West manatees. Manatee research and education improvements to habitat conditions, population growth and of! Fewer animals report Fish kills, Wildlife emergencies, sightings, etc similar to that time move freely fresh. Eat a tenth of its body weight each day her hips, manatees seem and. 66Lb ) each 10-15 % of its own massive weight in food every.. And education and were small, rodent-like creatures that lived on lan also. Sea grass, mangrove leaves, and disease from mammary glands and give birth live! Mammals lived during the early Cenozoic age and were small, rodent-like creatures that lived on lan from mammary.. Of them are sparsely distributed over much of the seas and the species living in Florida at Lowry Zoo. Them for protection underwater but still have threatened populations My Data U.S. Department of the seas and species... Threatened populations River Safari at Singapore features seven of them can be drawn over them for protection but! Live up to 2 years ( T. m. latirostris ) has been linked to folklore do manatees have knees mermaids usually seen,! Independently and behave like a pair of fingers the seas and the species living in it CCRT owner... Out when boating ; they dont move so fast move forward Cenozoic age and small... See a Sick, Injured, Dead, or in small groups of a half dozen or fewer animals large! Vibrissae ( whiskers ) are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals, they air.
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